Lesson Plan free essay sample

Goodbye, first I might want to begin by saying that I am incredibly extraordinary full to the individuals from the Prairie Heights FAA. The guardians of these magnificent youngsters, the staff of Prairie Heights and above all else Mr.. Noel and Mr. . Eel for inviting me into the Prairie Heights family as though I were one of your own. For a significant number of you this will be a portion of the last minutes that we get the chance to invest together during my energy as your understudy teacher.These recent weeks have flown by and have been loaded up with recollections, some were glad, some were tragic, a considerable lot of them showed me a thing or two and others filled e with satisfaction observing every single part prevail in their own specific manner. I realize that a large number of you have been able to know me very well all through my time here and for every one of you I might want to give you one final significant exercise, so I trust that the words I am going to impart to you depend on obvious information and aged with insight. We will compose a custom paper test on Exercise Plan or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The same number of you who realize me have found there are a few things that I totally love.The top three of these are most likely Disney, Music, and obviously Boy Meets World. I imagine that the explanation that I love these things so much Is cause they all hold components of life that suck with us regardless of how old or developed we can be. I realize that I dont appear to be a lot more seasoned than you yet trust me I have been from your point of view, had my own obstructions to bounce through, and battled to achieve my own fantasies. For those of you who dont know, Boy Meets World Is a shocking show that was at the tallness of Its prominence during the asss.The show follows a little youngster named Corny, his family, his closest companion Shawn, and his better half Topping. Some portion of the explanation that affection this show is on the grounds that it is clever, yet the other increasingly significant craft of why I like it is on the grounds that it shows genuine issues that we as a whole need to manage every now and then. I realize you are for the most part imagining that each sitcom does this, however not similarly, every scene has Its own concern and you get the opportunity to see the characters showcase the positives and negatives of every choice that is made.While this is incredible and the show is one of my top choices, it essentially comes up short on some authenticity. In actuality, you cannot make an issue, take care of the issue, and spare all the connections you may have harmed In the process In request to have a cheerful closure and diverting stories In a half hour. Wouldnt life be extraordinary if that were the situation? Lets consider that for a moment. I don't know what you chose but rather as perfect as that story sounds, I accept that it is the battles In life that make us more grounded and I can't help thinking that the more you battle the more grounded you get.Although my life can not be Just similar to Boy Meets World, there are numerous statements from the show that have originated from exercises that have thus shown me a bit of something also. One of my top choices that I might want to impart to you will be: You will take in something from life consistently. Also, commit errors. Furthermore, youll make old buddies and Mr. . Fenny will most likely show you each evaluation youre ever in. What's more, perhaps sometime youll go gaga for a lady as magnificent as Topping.And be sufficiently fortunate to make an old buddy as Shawn and when youre not a young man any longer, when the world has shown you how to take care of business Then youll still commit errors. In any case, your family, and each one of those old buddies you Eve made en route, will support you. What's more, despite the fact that youll think the world has made a special effort to show all of you the intense exercises, youll understand that its a similar 1 OFF regardless of what occurs, some way or another the world will secure you, as well. Presently, I comprehend cap there will be the point at which regardless of how solid the personal times have made you life will in any case stink.I promise you that there will be when after you assess each progression you have taken there will be a second whenever you believe that each possibility you took was an ill-conceived notion and each entryway you experienced was an inappropriate one. In the film Tangled we continually observe Repulse stroking her hair singing Heal what has been harmed. Change the destinies plan. Spare what has been lost. Bring back what used to be mine. On the off chance that lone it were this simple, I can let you know whether it were, my hair would be splendid and sparkly. Sadly, this isn't the case.Believe me when I state, I wish I could shield you from all the hurt you will experience. I wish I could change what destiny has intended for you when its not all that you need. I wish that I could spare what you have lost and bring you back things that were previously yours. In any case, every single one of these things needs to occur so as to grow up. I realize that there are a considerable lot of you staying there intuition I can not hold on to grow up and move on, however trust me when I state to appreciate each experience of what you have right here.You will miss this, and you will need these minutes back, and in all honesty there will come a period hen you will wish nowadays hadnt passed by so quick. My recommendation to you is to live each day like it is important. In the film Titanic we hear a youngster named Jack announce: Vive got all that I need directly here with me. Vive got air in my lungs, a couple of clear pieces of paper. That is to say, I love getting up in the first part of the day not knowing whats goanna occur or, who Im goanna meet, where Im goanna wind up.Just a few evenings ago I was dozing under a scaffold and now here I am on the most amazing boat on the planet having champagne with you fine individuals. I figure lifes a blessing and I dont plan on squandering it. You dont recognize what hand youre goanna get managed straightaway. You figure out how to accept life as it comes at you To make the most of every day. My test to every one of you is to do precisely that, make the most of life. At long last, as of late I have viewed a considerable lot of you battle over section workplaces, making sports groups, going for parts in the play, and being a piece of numerous different things in your insane brilliant lives.There is a melody by Taylor Swift that has as of late made its radio presentation, named Eyes Open. I realize that a considerable lot of you have heard this melody, be it in the film The Hunger Games, calmly on the radio, or booming it in your vehicle in transit home. In any case, what I am certain that a considerable lot of you have skirted are the implications f the verses. In the tune Miss Swift sings: Everybodys holding up Everybodys observing Even when youre resting Keep your eyes open. The dubious thing Is yesterday we were Just youngsters Playing troopers Just imagining Dreaming dreams with cheerful endings.In lawns, winning fights with our wooden blades But now weve ventured into a pitiless existence Where everyone stands and keeps track of who's winning . Everybodys hanging tight for you to breakdown Everybodys watching to see the aftermath Even when youre dozing Keep your eyes open So here you are, two strides ahead and remaining careful Every exercise shapes another scar They never thought youd make it this far But urn around Oh theyve encompassed you Its a confrontation and no one comes to spare you now But youve got something they dont youve got something they dont Youve just goat keep your eyes open.This is an amazing narrative. Just minutes back you generally accomplish. Presently you are growing up, and the world that you had envisioned in your psyche is demonstrating itself to you, and in all actuality its presumably not as cheerful as you envisioned it. There will be times when it feels as though you are distant from everyone else against the world and it is the individual you are at that time that characterizes portions of your life. The precarious workmanship is how would we figure out who that individual is? The mystery ex ists in you.That individual will mirror all the things you have gained from your folks to your companions to your past encounters. My desire for every one of you is that individual that demonstrates is somebody that you are pleased to be. I trust that all of you think ambitiously and endeavor to achieve them. Above all else I might want every one of you to realize that I have faith in you. I trust that you have accepted something endlessly from my recommendation and I need you to realize that I will treasure the encounters that you have given me for an amazing remainder. Much obliged to you. Exercise Plan free exposition test Plan in English (First Yearâ€Secondary) Prepared By: Naomi Joy Cadungog I. Targets At the finish of the exercise, the understudies will have the option to: 1. Distinguish proclamations that show circumstances and logical results relationship. 2. Peruse a sonnet accurately and obviously with articulations. 3. Value understanding sonnets. 4. Unravel words with â€Å"augh† (o) sounds II. Topic Cause and Effect Relationship Reference/s: Fun in English Reading Textbook pages 94-101 Materials: Visual Aids, Charts, Flash Cards, Pictures, Name Tags Values: Develop a veritable love for perusing, love for family III. Technique A. Learning Activities | Teacher’s Activity | Student’s Activity | |â€Å"Good Morning Class † |â€Å"Good Morning Sir! | |â€Å"Let us ask first † |(One Student will lead the Prayer) | |(Checking of Attendance) |(Students lift their hand and state present as the educator | state present brings in their name) | |â€Å"Please get the bits of paper under your chair† |(Students get the bits of paper) | |â€Å"So did you have a good end of the week? † | |â€Å"That’s great! Have you made the most of your end of the week holding with |â€Å"It was extraordinary sir! † | |your family? † |â€Å"Of course sir! It was a ton of fun! † | |â€Å"That’s great to know. We will compose a custom exposition test on Exercise Plan or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page For toward the beginning of today, our conversation will | |be according to a family. Are you acquainted with Barney’s I|â€Å"Yes sir! Pagpapakahulugan sa mga salita, parirala o pangungusap na hindi naunawaan batay sa pagkakagamit nito sa teksto. D. Pagpapalalim ng Kaalaman IV. EBALWASYON Magbigay ng pagsubok na pangkatang Gawain. p

The Return: Midnight Chapter 35

Elena felt as though she had been doing nothing in al her life with the exception of stroll under an obscure shade of high branches. It wasn't cold here, yet it was cool. It wasn't dim, yet it was diminish. Rather than the consistent blood red daylight from the enlarged red sun in the main Dark Dimension, they were strolling in a steady nightfall. It was frightening, continually searching up for the sky and never observing the moon †or moons †or the planet †that likely could be up there. As opposed to sky, there was only tangled tree limbs, obviously overwhelming thus complicatedly laced as to occupy all of room above. Is it accurate to say that she was insane, believing that perhaps they were on that moon, the jewel splendid minuscule moon that you could see from the outside of the Nether World Gatehouse? Was it too little to even think about having an air? Too smal for legitimate gravity? She had seen that she felt lighter here and that even Bonnie's means appeared to be very long. Could she†¦? She strained her legs, let go of Stefan's hand, and hopped. It was a long bounce, however it hadn't taken her anyplace close to the shade of woven branches above. Furthermore, she didn't land perfectly on her toes, either. Her feet flew free from her on mil ennia of leaf shape and she slid on her backside for possibly three feet, before she could dive her fingers and feet in and stop. â€Å"Elena! Is it accurate to say that you are All right?†She could hear Stefan and Bonnie cal ing from behind her, and a brisk, anxious: Are you insane? from Damon. â€Å"I was attempting to make sense of where we were by trying the gravity,†she stated, standing up all alone and forgetting about leaves the seat of her pants, humiliated. Damn! Those leaves had gone up the rear of her T-shirt, had even gotten inside her nightgown. The gathering had left the vast majority of their hides behind at the Gatehouse, where Sage could watch them, and Elena didn't have save garments. That had been inept, she let herself know irately now. Humiliated, she attempted to walk and shimmy simultaneously, to get the disintegrated keeps separate from her top. Last y she needed to state, â€Å"Just a second, everyone. Folks, might you be able to pivot? Bonnie, might you be able to return here and help me?†Bonnie was happy to help and Elena was surprised at to what extent it removed to pick gunk from her own jumping back. Next time you need a logical sentiment, have a go at asking, Damon's hateful clairvoyance remarked. Resoundingly, he included, â€Å"I'd say it's regarding 80% Earth's gravity here and we could well be on a moon. Doesn't imply. On the off chance that Sage hadn't helped us with this compass, we'd always be unable to discover the tree's trunk †at any rate not in time.† â€Å"And remember,†Elena stated, â€Å"that the possibility that the star bal is close to the storage compartment is only an estimate. We need to keep our eyes open!† â€Å"But what should we look for?†Once, Bonnie would have howled this. Presently she essentially asked discreetly. â€Å"Well†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Elena went to Stefan. â€Å"It wil look splendid, won't it? Against this horrendous half-light?† â€Å"This horrendous cover green half-light,†Stefan concurred. â€Å"It should resemble a somewhat moving splendid light.† â€Å"But put it like this,†Damon stated, strolling in reverse effortless y and glimmering his old 250-kilowatt grin for a second at them. â€Å"If we don't fol ow Sage's recommendation, we'l never discover the storage compartment. On the off chance that we attempt to meander arbitrarily around this world, we wil discover nothing †including our way back. And afterward Fel ‘s Church, yet we wil al bite the dust, in a specific order. To start with, we two vampires wil break with al humanized conduct, as starvation †â€Å" â€Å"Stefan won't,†cried Elena, and Bonnie stated, â€Å"You're similarly as terrible as Shinichi, with his ‘revelations'about us!† Damon grinned inconspicuously. â€Å"If I were as awful as Shinichi, little redbird, you would as of now be punctured like an unfilled juice box †or I would be sitting back with Sage, getting a charge out of Black Magic †â€Å" â€Å"Look, this is pointless,†Stefan said. Damon faked compassion. â€Å"Maybe you have†¦problems†¦in the canine zone, yet I don't, little brother.†He intentionally held the grin this time so everybody could see his sharp teeth. Stefan wouldn't be teased. â€Å"And it's holding us up †â€Å" â€Å"Wrong, younger sibling. A few of us have aced the specialty of talking and strolling at the equivalent time.† â€Å"Damon †stop it! Just stop!†Elena stated, scouring her hot temple with cold fingers. Damon shrugged, Stillmoving in reverse. â€Å"You just needed to ask,†he stated, with simply the smallest accentuation on the primary word. Elena said nothing consequently. She felt hot. It wasn't al simply straight strolling. Much of the time there were tremendous hills of hitched establishes in their manner that must be climbed. At times Stefan needed to utilize the hatchet from his rucksack to make solid footings. Elena had come to detest the dark green demi-light more than anything. It pulled pranks on her eyes, similarly as the stifled sound of their feet on the leaf-tossed ground pulled pranks on her ears. A few times she halted †and once Stefan did †to state, â€Å"There's another person here! Fol owing us!† Each time they had al halted and listened eagerly. Stefan and Damon sent clairvoyant tests of Power the extent that they could reach, looking for another brain. Yet, it is possible that it was so all around camouflaged as to be imperceptible or it didn't exist by any stretch of the imagination. And afterward, after Elena felt as though she had been strolling as long as she can remember, and would continue strolling until time everlasting finished, Damon halted unexpectedly. Bonnie, simply behind him, sucked in her breath. Elena and Stefan rushed forward to perceive what it was. What Elena saw made her state, precariously, â€Å"I think possibly we missed the storage compartment and†¦found†¦the edge†¦Ã¢â‚¬  On the ground before her and to the extent she could see, was the ritzy murkiness of room. Be that as it may, cleaning out the light of the stars was a gigantic planet and two enormous moons, one whirled blue and white and one silver. Stefan was holding her hand, imparting the miracle to her, and shivers ran up her arm and into her out of nowhere feeble knees, just from his plume light touch on her fingers. At that point Damon said caustical y, â€Å"Look up.† Elena did and heaved. For only a moment her body was totally unmoored. She and Stefan automatical y wound their arms around one another. And afterward Elena acknowledged what they were seeing, both above and beneath. â€Å"It's water,†she stated, gazing at the pool spread out before them. â€Å"One of those freshwater oceans Sage delineated for us. Also, not a wave on it. Not a breath of wind.† â€Å"But it looks as though we're on that smal est moon,†Stefan said gently, his eyes misleadingly honest as he took a gander at Damon. â€Å"Yes, Well, at that point there's something exceedingly overwhelming at the center of this moonlet, to al ow for eight-tenths the gravity we ordinary y experience, and to hold tight to so much air †however who thinks about rationale? This is a world we came to through the Nether World. For what reason should rationale apply?†He took a gander at Elena with somewhat limited, hooded eyes. â€Å"Where is the third one? The grave one?† The voice dug out from a deficit them †Elena thought. She was †they al were †abandoning taking a gander at bril iant light into half-obscurity. Everything sparkled and moved before her eyes. â€Å"Grave Meredith; chuckling Bonnie; What's more, Elena with brilliant hair. They murmur and afterward are silent†¦ They plot and I no longer care†¦ Be that as it may, I should have Elena, Elena with the Golden Hair†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Well, you're not going to have me!†cried Elena. â€Å"And that sonnet is a finished misrepresent, at any rate. I recollect it from first year recruit English class. Furthermore, you're insane! â€Å"Even through her outrage and dread she pondered about Fel ‘s Church. In the event that Shinichi was here, would he be able to realize the Last Midnight there? Or then again could Misao essentially set it off with a lazy wave? â€Å"But I will have you, brilliant Elena,†the kitsune said. Both Stefan and Damon had cuts out. â€Å"That's exactly where you're off-base, Shinichi,†Stefan said. â€Å"You wil never at any point contact Elena again.† â€Å"I need to attempt. You've taken everything else.† Elena's heart was beating now. On the off chance that he'l talk sense to any of us, he'l converse with me, she thought. â€Å"Shouldn't you prepare for the Last Midnight, Shinichi?†she asked in a well disposed tone, internally trembling in the event that he should state, â€Å"It's as of now over.† â€Å"She needn't bother with me. She wouldn't secure Misao. For what reason should I help Her?† For a second Elena couldn't talk. She? She? Other than Misao, what other She was engaged with this? Damon had a crossbow out now, with a squabble stacked in it. However, Shinichi just went babbling. â€Å"Misao couldn't move any longer. She had placed al her Power into her star bal , you see. She never snickered or sang any more extended †never made up any plots with me. She just†¦sat. â€Å"Final y she requested that I put her into myself. She thought we'd become one that way. So she broke up and blended directly into me. Be that as it may, it didn't help. Now†¦I can scarcely hear her. I've come to get my star bal . I've been utilizing its vitality to go through the measurements. On the off chance that I put Misao into my star bal , she'l recoup. At that point I'l shroud it again †yet not where I left it last. I'l put it more distant up where nobody else wil ever discover it.†He appeared to concentrate on his audience members. â€Å"So I get it's Misao and I who are conversing with you at the present time. Then again, actually I'm so desolate †I can't feel her at all.† â€Å"You wil not contact Elena,†Stefan said unobtrusively. Damon was taking a gander at the remainder of the gathering at Shinichi's words, â€Å"†¦I'l put it more distant up†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Go on, Bonnie, keep moving,†Stefan included. â€Å"You as well, Elena. We'l fol ow.† Elena

Blog Archive MBA News HBS to Develop HBS Case on HBS

Blog Archive MBA News HBS to Develop HBS Case on HBS Ok, so our entry title is a bit facetious, but we admire the soul searching going on at Harvard Business School, nonetheless. HBS, which by its own admission has seen its brand “damaged” by its association with prominent alumni whose names have been inextricably linked to the global financial meltdown (e.g., Thain, O’Neal, Wagoner, Cox and more), will be developing a case to assess its own performance. According to Bloomberg, on May 27, 219 HBS professors will analyze the case and will potentially suggest curriculum changes as a result of their discussion. Professor Paul Healey, who will lead the case development process, speculates, “One change that may emerge is more emphasis on general management and economics classes that knit together broad themes about risk and responsibilities, rather than on courses that focus on specific functions such as marketing.” Stanford and Yale have overhauled their curricula. Will HBS be next? Share ThisTweet Blogroll Harvard University (Harvard Business School) News

Making Business Decisions Should Be Simple, Right - 948 Words

Making business decisions should be simple, right. However, relationships with stakeholders can make business decision complicated. Stakeholder relationships are a key factor to running a sustainable organization. In business as well as life there are always those grey areas in decision making. This is where ones Morals and ethics come into play when making decisions. Is there a moral or ethical dilemma that can arise when exposing stakeholders to whom you have close personal or professional ties to? How do you overcome these dilemmas? Business leaders must assess the risk and tradeoffs when tackling the ethical dilemma of whether or not to expose a stakeholder. In order to understand the problem of wheatear or not to expose a stakeholder there are key things one needs to know and understand. The first is a stakeholder; who is anyone â€Å"with an interest, claim, or stake in the company† (Hill, Jones, Schilling, 2015). Stake holders can include but are not limited to: customers, employees, owners/investors, suppliers, competitors, creditors, communities and government agencies and regulators. Relationships with these stakeholders should be looked at as intangible assets. â€Å"By effectively managing relationships with increasing the opportunities and lowering the risk for each relationship, a company can enhance the quality of its intangible assets and therefore increase the overall valuation of the business† (Friedman, 2014). In addition, we need to understand ethics;Show MoreRelatedDecision Making Process For The Cleaning Supply Organization870 Words   |  4 Pagesre-prioritize our decision making process to help imp rove sales. Listed below is a decision making model that will help the cleaning supply organization prioritize short and long term goals. This may seem like an ambitious process, but it is crucial to stop the negative sales trend. 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Facts and History of Turkey

At the crossroads between Europe and Asia, Turkey is a fascinating country. Dominated by Greeks, Persians, and Romans in turn throughout the classical era, what is now Turkey was once the seat of the Byzantine Empire. In the 11th century, however, Turkish nomads from Central Asia moved into the region, gradually conquering all of Asia Minor. First, the Seljuk and then the Ottoman Turkish Empires came to power, exerting influence over much of the eastern Mediterranean world, and bringing Islam to southeast Europe. After the Ottoman Empire fell in 1918, Turkey transformed itself into the vibrant, modernizing, secular state it is today. Capital and Major Cities Capital: Ankara, population 4.8 million Major Cities: Istanbul, 13.26 million Izmir, 3.9 million Bursa, 2.6 million Adana, 2.1 million Gaziantep, 1.7 million Government of Turkey The Republic of Turkey is a parliamentary democracy. All Turkish citizens over the age of 18 have the right to vote. The head of state is the president, currently Recep Tayyip ErdoÄŸan. The prime minister is head of government; Binali YÄ ±ldÄ ±rÄ ±mis the current prime minister. Since 2007, presidents of Turkey are directly elected, and the president appoints the prime minister. Turkey has a unicameral (one house) legislature, called the Grand National Assembly or Turkiye Buyuk Millet Meclisi, with 550 directly elected members. Parliament members serve four-year terms. The judicial branch of government in Turkey is rather complicated. It includes the Constitutional Court, the Yargitay or High Court of Appeals, the Council of State (Danistay), the Sayistay or Court of Accounts, and military courts. Although the overwhelming majority of Turkish citizens are Muslims, the Turkish state is staunchly secular. The non-religious nature of Turkish government has historically been enforced by the military since the Republic of Turkey was founded as a secular state in 1923 by General Mustafa Kemal Ataturk. Turkeys Population As of 2011, Turkey has an estimated 78.8 million citizens. The majority of them are ethnically Turkish - 70 to 75% of the population. Kurds make up the largest minority group at 18%; they are concentrated primarily in the eastern portion of the country and have a long history of pressing for their own separate state. Neighboring Syria and Iraq also have large and restive Kurdish populations - the Kurdish nationalists of all three states have called for the creation of a new nation, Kurdistan, at the intersection of Turkey, Iraq, and Syria. Turkey also has smaller numbers of Greeks, Armenians, and other ethnic minorities. Relations with Greece have been uneasy, particularly over the issue of Cyprus, while Turkey and Armenia disagree vehemently over the Armenian Genocide carried out by Ottoman Turkey in 1915. Languages The official language of Turkey is Turkish, which is the most widely-spoken of the languages in the Turkic family, part of the larger Altaic linguistic group. It is related to Central Asian languages such as Kazakh, Uzbek, Turkmen, etc. Turkish was written using the Arabic script until Ataturks reforms; as part of the secularizing process, he had a new alphabet created that uses the Latin letters with a few modifications. For example, a c with a small tail curving beneath it is pronounced like the English ch. Kurdish is the largest minority language in Turkey  and is spoken by about 18% of the population. Kurdish is an Indo-Iranian language, related to Farsi, Baluchi, Tajik, etc. It may be written in the Latin, Arabic or Cyrillic alphabets, depending upon where it is being used. Religion in Turkey: Turkey is approximately 99.8% Muslim. Most Turks and Kurds are Sunni, but there are also important Alevi and Shia groups. Turkish Islam has always been strongly influenced by the mystical and poetic Sufi tradition, and Turkey remains a stronghold of Sufism. It also hosts tiny minorities of Christians and Jews. Geography Turkey has a total area of 783,562 square kilometers (302,535 square miles). It straddles the Sea of Marmara, which divides southeastern Europe from southwestern Asia. Turkeys small European section, called Thrace, borders on Greece and Bulgaria. Its larger Asian portion, Anatolia, borders Syria, Iraq, Iran, Azerbaijan, Armenia, and Georgia. The narrow Turkish Straits seaway between the two continents, including the Dardanelles and the Bosporus Strait, is one of the worlds key maritime passages; it is the only access-point between the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. This fact gives Turkey enormous geopolitical importance. Anatolia is a fertile plateau in the west, gradually rising to rugged mountains in the east. Turkey is seismically active, prone to large earthquakes, and also has some very unusual landforms such as the cone-shaped hills of Cappadocia. Volcanic Mt. Ararat, near the Turkish border with Iran, is believed to be the landing-place of Noahs Ark. It is Turkeys highest point, at 5,166 meters (16,949 feet). Climate of Turkey Turkeys coasts have a mild Mediterranean climate, with warm, dry summers and rainy winters. The weather becomes more extreme in the eastern, mountainous region. Most regions of Turkey receive an average of 20-25 inches (508-645 mm) of rain per year. The hottest temperature ever recorded in Turkey is 119.8 ° F (48.8 ° C) at Cizre. The coldest temperature ever was -50  °F (-45.6 ° C) at Agri. Turkish Economy: Turkey is among the top twenty economies in the world, with a 2010 estimated GDP of $960.5 billion US and a healthy GDP growth rate of 8.2%. Although agriculture still accounts for 30% of jobs in Turkey, the economy relies on industrial and service sector output for its growth. For centuries a center of carpet-making and other textile trade, and a terminus of the ancient Silk Road, today Turkey manufactures automobiles, electronics and other high-tech goods for export. Turkey has oil and natural gas reserves. It is also a key distribution point for Middle Eastern and Central Asia oil and natural gas moving to Europe and to ports for export overseas. The per capita GDP is $12,300 US. Turkey has an unemployment rate of 12%, and more than 17% of Turkish citizens live below the poverty line. As of January  2012, the exchange rate for Turkeys currency is 1 US dollar 1.837 Turkish lira. History of Turkey Naturally, Anatolia had a history before the Turks, but the region did not become Turkey until the Seljuk Turks moved into the area in the 11th century CE. On August 26, 1071, the Seljuks under Alp Arslan prevailed at the Battle of Manzikert, defeating a coalition of Christian armies led by the Byzantine Empire. This sound defeat of the Byzantines marked the beginning of true Turkish control over Anatolia (that is, the Asian portion of modern-day Turkey). The Seljuks did not hold sway for very long, however. Within 150 years, a new power rose from far to their east  and swept toward Anatolia. Although Genghis Khan himself never got to Turkey, his Mongols did. On the 26th of June, 1243, a Mongol army commanded by Genghiss grandson Hulegu Khan defeated the Seljuks in the Battle of Kosedag  and brought down the Seljuk Empire. Hulegus Ilkhanate, one of the great hordes of the Mongol Empire, ruled over Turkey for about eighty years, before crumbling away around 1335 CE. The Byzantines once more asserted control over parts of Anatolia as the Mongol hold weakened, but small local Turkish principalities began to develop, as well. One of those small principalities in the northwestern part of Anatolia began to expand in the early 14th century. Based in the city of Bursa, the Ottoman beylik would go on to conquer not only Anatolia and Thrace (the European section of modern-day Turkey), but also the Balkans, the Middle East, and eventually parts of North Africa. In 1453, the Ottoman Empire dealt a death-blow to the Byzantine Empire when it captured the capital at Constantinople. The Ottoman Empire reached its apogee in the sixteenth century, under the rule of Suleiman the Magnificent. He conquered much of Hungary in the north, and as far west as Algeria in northern Africa. Suleiman also enforced religious tolerance of Christians and Jews within his empire. During the eighteenth century, the Ottomans began to lose territory around the edges of the empire. With weak sultans on the throne  and corruption in the once-vaunted Janissary corps, Ottoman Turkey became known as the Sick Man of Europe. By 1913, Greece, the Balkans, Algeria, Libya, and Tunisia had all broken away from the Ottoman Empire. When World War I broke out along what had been the boundary between the Ottoman Empire and the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Turkey made the fatal decision to ally itself with the Central Powers (Germany and Austria-Hungary). After the Central Powers lost World War I, the Ottoman empire ceased to exist. All of the non-ethnically Turkish lands became independent, and the victorious Allies planned to carve Anatolia itself into spheres of influence. However, a Turkish general named Mustafa Kemal was able to stoke Turkish nationalism  and expel the foreign occupation forces from Turkey proper. On November 1, 1922, the Ottoman sultanate was formally abolished. Almost a year later, on October 29, 1923, the Republic of Turkey was proclaimed, with its capital at Ankara. Mustafa Kemal became the first president of the new secular republic. In 1945, Turkey became a charter member of the new United Nations. (It had remained neutral in World War II.) That year also marked the end of single-party rule in Turkey, which had lasted for twenty years. Now firmly aligned with the western powers, Turkey joined NATO in 1952, much to the consternation of the USSR. With the republics roots going back to secular military leaders such as Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, the Turkish military views itself as the guarantor of secular democracy in Turkey. As such, it has staged coups in 1960, 1971, 1980 and 1997. As of this writing, Turkey is generally at peace, although the Kurdish separatist movement (the PKK) in the east has been actively trying to create a self-governing Kurdistan there since 1984.

Racism Is A Chronic Epidemic Essay - 2373 Words

Racism is a chronic epidemic which has infected the people of the United States since long before it was conceived as a country. It is important to understand this prior to addressing the main topics of the documentary aired by Public Broadcast Stations (PBS), A Class Divided. What is racism? Merriam Webster’s dictionary list the definition as; one a belief that race is the primary determinant of human traits and capacities and that racial differences produce an inherent superiority of a race. Two A doctrine or political program based on the assumption of racism and designed to execute its principles and a political or social system founded on racism. Three racial prejudice or discrimination. This definition is similar across the dictionary reference sources. The PBS documentary tries to demonstrate the simplicity of racisms’ definitions through one teachers use of simple differing traits. 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My Papa’s Waltz Essay Summary Example For Students

My Papa’s Waltz Essay Summary In My Papas Waltz, Roethke discusses a very heartbreaking anddistressful situation. He talks about alcoholism in the family and how itaffects the members of the family. Growing up in a family full of alcoholism andabuse, I can relate to the point of view that this poem is written in. Althoughit is very sad, all of these things the poet describes are true of a familycursed with alcoholism. Whiskey breath had always been a familiar smell to meuntil I moved to Baton Rouge. The people in my household would drink all daylong, starting with the morning cup of coffee and ending whenever their bodiesjust passed out from drunkenness. Whenever drunks come home from the bars,parties, etc. they cause havack throughout the house. Arguing and making lots ofnoise are two qualities all too familiar to me. People who drink will argue withanyone who tries to talk to them reasonably and will even get violent anddestructive at times. As for being a spouse of a drunk, I have never beenmarried but have experienced a scenario similar to that of being married. Duringhigh school, I dated a guy that was quite older than I and he was of legal ageto drink already. Whenever he would go out to the clubs with his friendsdrinking he would always come home to his apartment and if I was there andeverything was not clean and perfectly in order he would burst into fits ofanger. He would yell, scream and throw things at me and even sometimes he wouldphysically abuse me. In the morning, after there was time to sleep off theeffects of the alcohol he would always apologize saying that he was going toslack off and try to quit drinking, but as we know that never happens. Finallyin March of 1995, he went to get help and before we could find out if the longordeal of the past four years was over God decided it was time for him to go toa better place where all of the problems would dissappear. Because of thehorrible ways alcohol has affected me in the past 21 years it makes me not likedrinking or going out to bars because it usually leads to bad things.

Judiasm Essays - Book Of Exodus, Bo, Torah, Israelites, Moses

Judiasm Judaism was a parent of Christianity, and we probably know more about it than any other religion, excluding our own, right off the top of our heads. The ancestors of the Jews, called the Israelites, established a kingdom in Canaan-the land of Milk and Honey. The Israelites first began to see themselves in a special relationship with their God at about 1000 B.C.E. God had selected them to be a Chosen People. God had offered the Chosen People a covenant, or special agreement. In this covenant, the Israelites promised to worship only God, and in return God promised them preservation throughout history and the land of Canaan. Canaan was later called Judah, Israel, and Palestine. Central to the understanding of the Jewish convenant is the prosperous herdsman who heard and followed God's call, Abraham. Abraham answered God's call and led his family from Ur of the Chaldees to Canaan. Abraham mad a son, Isaac, and a grandson Jacob who also inherited the convenant. Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob were called the patriarchs, or the founders of Judiasm. Moses, being one of the great religious leaders in history, God revealed his name Yahweh to him. Yahweh means ?to be? in Hebrew. The events recorded in Exodus indicate that through Moses a new and deeper understanding of God was revealed. The worship of Yahweh was unknown before Moses. The Israelites as a whole began to realize that the God of Moses was a very ?jealous God,? who would not tolerate worship of any other god. As the book of Exodus opens, we find that the Israelites are slaves in the land of Egypt. Exodus became the heart and soul of Judaism. Moses is the key character in Exodus and one of great religious leaders in history. The Exodus story is one that is very touching. The persecution of the Jews in the 1930's was horrible and will be remembered forever. After being crushed in the economic disaster in the Great Depression and being totally defeated in WWI, the time was perfect for Hitler to take anti-Semitism, or hatred for Jews-to a whole different level. Jews all over became victims of Hitler's awful laws such as those in Poland, Europe, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and Germany. It was an awful time for the Jewish people and in camps all over Germany and Poland Jews were being murdered by starvation, disease, beating, mutilation, infection, gassing, and burning. Six million Jews, or about one-third of the entire Jewish population of the world was completely wiped out. Only fifty thousand Jews remained after the war. The faith of the Jewish people was tested greatly during the Holocaust. The vivid living faith of the Jewish people is shown through their mant festivals and celebrations throughout the year. Besides the Sabbath observance, the Jewish year is filled with yearly festivals. They are all based on the Jewish lunal calendar. Rosh Hashanah, or the Jewish new year, which is celebrated in October, opens ten ?Days of Awe?. There is a celebration at the beginning and end of the two days. Yom Kippur is the ?Day of Atonement?. It is considered the most holy day of the year and is the closest to repentance. Five days after Yom Kippur, the Feast of Tabernacles, or Sukkoth, is celebrated. This is a week long feast in the fall celebrating God's presence when the Israelites were in the desert. The Rejoicing of the Torah closes the Sukkoth. Hanukkah is the Festival of Lights and is celebrated in December. It commemorates the restoration of the Temple after it was destroyed by the Syrians. Purin celebrates Esther's success to find a plot to massacre all Jews in the Persian Empire. One of the most important spring holy days is Pesach, or the Passover. There are many special foods associated with this holiday, especially those served at the seder (ceremonial meal). Fifty days after the Seder, the feast of the Pentecost which remembers the giving of the Law of Moses fifty days after the Passover. The Jewish calendar year is filled with many feasts and special ceremonies. There are three branches of Judaism. Orthodox Judaism is the oldest and largest of the three branches. It has the full tradition of Judaism. It calls itself the ?Torah-True Judaism? because of its strict adherence to the law of Moses. This stance seems to influence and shape tis approach to theology. The second branch of Judaism is Reform. The Reform branch is extremely liberal and call their houses of worship ?temples? and have begun to ordain female rabbis. They believe that the Mosaic law should not be

Are Leaders Born or Made Essay Essays

Are Leaders Born or Made Essay Essays Are Leaders Born or Made Essay Paper Are Leaders Born or Made Essay Paper Peoples have debated whether leaders are born or made for centuries. However. I am perfectly positive that good leaders are made than Borns. If you have the desire and self-control. you can go an effectual leader. â€Å"Good leaders can develop through a neer stoping procedure of self-study. instruction. preparation and experience† ( Jago. 1982 ) . To animate workers into higher degrees of teamwork. there are certain things a leader must be. cognize. and. make. These do non come of course. but are acquired through continual work and survey. Good leaders are continually working and analyzing to better their leading accomplishments ; they are NOT resting on their awards. Definition of Leadership Before we get started. let’s define and understand about leading. Leadership is a procedure by which a individual influences others to carry through an nonsubjective and directs the organisation in a manner that makes it more cohesive and coherent. Leaderships carry out this procedure by using their leading attributes. such as beliefs. values. moralss. character. cognition. and accomplishments. In the field of organisational acquisition. leading entered the treatment as a placeholder for the organisation. Initial constructs of leading in organisational acquisition were based on the impression of the dominant alliance. Organizational acquisition theoreticians had suggested that the senior direction squad. or dominant alliance. was in fact the organisation degree of organisational acquisition. Furthermore. leading has been described as the â€Å"process of societal influence in which one individual enlist the assistance and support of others in the achievement of a common undertaking. Harmonizing to Ken â€Å"SKC† Ogbonnia. â€Å"effective leading is the ability to successfully incorporate and maximise available resources within the internal and external environment for the attainment of organisational or society end. Charismatic Leaderships are made but non born. However. there are many knowing and motivated people who lack of the cognition to take others. So they don’t assume leading places. or if they do. they don’t do really good in them. Therefore. to go a made leader. we need to cognize about the feature of a leader for us to larn and research from at that place. Having personal appeal is an of import quality to any successful leader. that’s all extremely successful people must develop to maximise their success in leading functions. every bit good as usage it to derive a great advantage over their competition. Charisma can be explained as an undefinable personal magnetic attraction that helps pull people to you. and makes them desire to collaborate and work with you to carry through your dreams. To increase your ain degree of personal appeal. you must foremost be assurance in your ain vision. If you have a clear vision of what you want to carry through. so you need to concentrate on puting end for yourself. and do program to accomplish them without hold. The clearer you are about your intent. and how you are be aftering to accomplish it. will of course to pull others to assist and back up you in any manner they can. However. some say magnetic is born but non made. Yes. it’s. But without the born personal appeal. you can besides increase the degree of you charisma by speaking and interaction with other. certain interactions and wagess addition get downing relationships. such as a Celebrity utilizing a Charming Introduction will immediately hold a new friend. Charisma skill-building requires friends and relationships to come on. Personality and Physical Build Besides. the personality is besides an of import component to go a made leader. great leaders must hold the ability to project themselves. to pass on with subsidiaries in order to carry through a undertaking by teamwork. The dictionary definition of personality is the aggregation of emotional and behavioral traits that characterize a individual. That is. your personality is how you present yourself to the universe. It is how others see you. Is that of import for leading effectivity? I think so. Your public character is the accelerator for inscribing followings. For illustration. you might be typically dominant. or possibly you’re ever a friendly individual. or even person who takes really few hazards. These illustrations are personality traits. You may besides merely better your personality by your visual aspect such as frock up and do up good as the visual aspect oneself ever the first feeling they given to other. Aside of personality. physical physique is besides a trait of feature for being a leader. this can be made and improved by one ego. For illustration. the kids now are largely taller and stronger than their parents because of the better knowledegement attention. Endowment. accomplishments and knowledge Beyond the personal traits of a leader. leading endowment. accomplishments and knowledge person must get the hang if they want to be a leader. Leadership endowment is those unconditioned traits that a individual is born with but which they need to work on to develop their potency. Leadership accomplishments are learned behaviors that a individual patterns and hones over clip. And leading cognition is acquired larning about the methods. schemes. successes and failures of other leaders in concern and in different walks of life. The traits include intelligence. creativeness. diplomatic negotiations. strength. and organisational ability. The difference of the three is an intrinsic character of the leader and the latter two are learned. And an effectual leader combines all three: harnessing mixture of their natural feature. their erudite replicable behaviours. and their mental informations and larning into their ain alone manner to showing themselves as a leader. Knowing good of the managerial map Besides. cognizing good of the managerial map is besides a must for a made leader. From daily operating. they should be able to larn about planning. forming. staffing. directing and commanding in order to take their subsidiaries in an effectual manner. Planing refers to expect the chance. jobs and conditions and taking from among the option of future classs or actions. That includes prediction. scheduling. programming and etc. The organisation maps consist of developing the organisation. deputing authorization and set uping dealingss. Staffing is about be aftering the organisation with suited forces constitutes the staffing map. Direction map involves pull offing people and work through the agencies of motive. proper leading. effectual communicating and coordination. Controling map enables direction to guarantee the accomplishment is in conformity with the established programs. Communication accomplishment Furthermore. to be a made leader. we should develop ourselves to do effectual communicating thru experience. The communicating accomplishment can decidedly be improved if you have the desire to make it. a smart leader must ever the â€Å"30 seconds message† which conveying the most of import message within the shortest clip. Effective communicating is more than merely being able to talk and compose. A leader’s communicating must travel people to work toward the end the leader has chosen. Besides that. a leader has to be able to actuate everyone to lend. Each of us have different â€Å"button† . a great leader should cognize how to force to right button on everyone to do them truly desire to make their best to accomplish the leader’s end. This is decidedly non born because leader could press the right buttons on everyone through understanding their personality. Honesty and Integrity. Forward looking. Independence and Innovation. In add-on. the feature of a leader is besides consisted by honestness and unity. frontward looking. independency and invention. Once should non even be considered to go a leader without holding demonstrated the honestness. unity and trustiness to hold and keep a place of public trust. At all degrees. persons with unity and honestness show moral bravery by making the right thing even when it is non popular or by showing dissent when actions or pending determinations would go against organisational and/or constitutional values. Torahs. and ordinances. In add-on. they confront unethical behaviour in others. Furthermore. the candidly and unity is about following regulations and ordinance. this is made as we have no pick but have to follow the regulations and ordinance of the organisation. As a great leader. we ever need to be advanced toward any issue or job. When people do non see their leader forward-looking. that leader is normally enduring from one of two possible jobs which are the leader doesn’t have a advanced vision and the leader is unwilling or scared to portion the vision with others. The advanced attitude can be influenced by those people who are environing us with positive-minded. this can be made but non born. Last but non least. a great leader is besides an pioneer. Invention is about doing new tools. merchandises and procedure. convey forth something â€Å"new† which allows human being to carry through something they were non able to carry through antecedently. We can be invention through survey. research. discuss and deliberated from past experience. Leaderships must be tough plenty to contend. tender adequate to shout. human plenty to do errors. low plenty to acknowledge them. strong plenty to absorb the hurting. and resilient plenty to resile back and maintain on traveling. Leaderships must be tough plenty to contend. tender adequate to shout. human plenty to do errors. low plenty to acknowledge them. strong plenty to absorb the hurting. and resilient plenty to resile back and maintain on traveling. Leader is made because a individual becomes a leader through life and work experiences. through wise mans and personal contemplation. Leader takes clip to develop and they were made merely like anything else. through difficult work. If you are given a opportunity. you pattern. you can besides be a leader.

Subprime Loane Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Subprime Loane - Research Paper Example It is not the interest rate corresponding to the loan itself. â€Å"Subprime† denotes any type of loan which does not satisfy the prime guidelines of a loan. Subprime lending is a process of making loans or lending money to the borrowers who are not qualified to be given loan at the market interest rates because of their low credit ratings (Bahin, 2007). Both the borrowers and the lenders find themselves in a riskier position as a result of subprime lending. It is so because such lending is characterized by poor credit rating, high amount of interest rates associated with it, and unfavorable financial situations. The mortgage brokers played an important role in the rise and fall of financing related to subprime mortgages. The competition corresponding to the subprime loans increased as a result of increasing demand of Mortgage Backed Securities (MBSs) sought by the investment banks. The lenders were observed to be involved in activities of introducing innovative financial prod ucts which seemed to be attractive to the borrowers, and the latter were thus becoming more and more interested to borrow money from the lenders. If we consider the job responsibilities of mortgage brokers, it can be observed that they had to perform the activities related to identifying the borrowers, receiving an application for loan from the borrowers, assessing their credit worthiness, evaluating their income-to-debt ratios, and then finally sending the borrowers to the lender who meets all the criteria. However, it is worth mentioning that all these activities and processes followed by the mortgage brokers did not correspond to the actual plan. The mortgage brokers received emoluments in the form of commissions and, therefore, it worked as an incentive for them to earn greater commissions by sending even the prime credit borrowers to the subprime lenders. Even the people who had little knowledge about MBSs were attracted to them because of the increasing demand for them in the market. There were not even any kinds of licensing requirements for a person to become a mortgage broker (Sanders, 2002). All these factors led to the emergence of mortgage brokers in the market and had an impact on lowering their reputations. The lenders were exposed to such a huge number of participants in the mortgage industry that many of the borrowers received loans who should never have been lent money because they were to face financial problems while repaying the loans received by them. Based on the above evaluation of the situation it can be concluded that besides some of the minor incidents, certain specific individuals like mortgage brokers cannot be blamed for the downfall of the overall subprime mortgage lending process. The blame should actually go to the regulatory authorities and government institutions which failed to oversee the situation beforehand, to different corporate misdeeds, motivation to earn more profits, and also, to a large extent, to the borrowers them selves. Question 2 Incentive contracts or managerial incentives in a corporate organization mainly correspond with the agency theory and the problems associated with it. Jensen and Meckling (1976) are commonly associated with the term â€Å"agency theory† as found in most of the existing literature. According to Alchian and Demstez (1972), the business activities conducted by most of the organizations are mostly governed through contracts that involve voluntary exchanges.

Foreign Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Foreign Policy - Essay Example Either way, there is more to consider when gauging the situation in Iraq than casualties and tax dollars. In section VI Ignatieff addresses a major issue that has divided the nation internally and raised comparisons to Vietnam. Recruitment is down and it appears that the price to preserve and spread American ideals may be too high. (Ignatieff, 2005, Section VI, par. 5). Another view presented by journalist William Greider is that Iraq is already worse than Vietnam. He believes that "the war in Iraq is different from Vietnam in one fundamental respect: A substantial portion of Americans (and others around the world) were in the streets protesting this venture before the shooting startedvirtually every element of what has gone wrong in Iraq was cited by those demonstrators as among the reasons they opposed the march to war (Greider, 2004, par. 7). While Ignatieff may not full agree with such a statement, at the very least it outlines the foundation of realist sentiment. Thomas Jefferson is introduced as a fitting reference point for the reader. His questionable morals and apparent contradictions to American freedom reflect the current situation in the Middle East. It also quickly addresses the internal struggle of idealism versus realism that is threatening to further divide the nation (Ignatieff, 2005, Section IV, par. 5). Jefferson's idealism and his legacy present a problem on a global level and is one reason for the international dissention over the situation in Iraq. Also, this Jeffersonian idealism or more specifically, later President's striving to achieve it has made the situation in the Middle East volatile and has challenged the universal of acceptance of American democracy as ideal democracy. Ignatieff suggests that Iraq and the perceived democratization of the nation is an extension of Jeffersonian idealism. He further notes that Jefferson exemplifies the contradictions that continue to plague American freedom (Ignatieff, 2005, Section I, par. 3). One other point of interest is when Ignatieff states, that "until George W. Bush, no American President - not even Franklin Roosevelt or Woodrow Wilson - actually risked his presidency on the premise that Jefferson might be right" (Ignatieff, 2005, Section I, par. 4). Herein lies the crux of the article, are Jeffersonian ideals and American democracy at this point, the same thing Looking at the reaction of the Middle East, most of Europe and Canada, this seems doubtful. Over the past 60 years in the Middle East, America has consistently become close to tyrants in the region (Ignatieff, 2005, Section I, par. 6). This in turn has caused a certain degree of instability in the region and certainly does not embody the democratic vision of the founders of the United States. This threatens to further alienate America on an international level, which can be a problem. Also noted as a sign that American democracy may not be universal democracy, is that while other powerful nations have shifted left on the political spectrum, America has moved further right. This is shown by among other things a huge divide in rights for homosexuals, concern for healthcare and America's willingness to use God's will as motivating factor behind foreign policy (Ignatieff, 2005, Section III, par. 3). Overall, this article does an exceptional job of

Child Development Theories and Practice

Child Development Theories and Practice The Scottish Government (2010) has issued national guidelines for adults working with children from pre birth to three years informing them of the four key principles which promote positive outcomes for young children and families. Nine features have been identified to put the key principles into practice. The four key principles are rights of the child, relationships, responsive care and respect. Research has shown that birth to three years is a critical age for growth and brain development. The Scottish Government (2010 pg 15) note that Forming and reinforcing connections are the key tasks of early brain development. It is the early experiences and developing relationships that cause the connections in the brain to increase rapidly. It is essential that staff form warm and respective relationships with young children. Quality interaction with adults at this age is important in order for the child to develop cognitively. Attachment is seen as one of the features of the key principles. It is the process through which young children form close relationships with a few well known people ie parents or grandparents. Bowlby the theorist at the forefront of this theory maintained these relationships act as a lasting template for shaping the childs ability to make and keep successful relationships with family and friends. It is thought these early experiences with the first people who looked after us may shape our long term emotional wellbeing (Birch 2007). Mary Ainsworth (1969) built on Bowlbys work. She maintained that caregivers should be sensitively responsive, be aware of the young baby or childs signals and be able to interpret them accurately and respond appropriately and promptly. Through my observations it was apparent that the child had a strong attachment to both his parents, see appendix 1, observation 1. During my project I was open and approachable with both parents, finding out about the child s temperament, routines, likes and dislikes, making both parents and child feel comfortable in my company. According to Learning and Teaching Scotland (2010 pg 24) one of the most effective ways of demonstrating respect for children and families is where staff express a genuine interest in them. I have been able to witness the benefits of working with a family in a home environment and feel that home visits should be arranged in order that a relationship can be built up with parents, children and practitioners before younger children attend an early years setting. This should make the transition from home to the setting run smoothly, enabling the child to feel safe and secure in a new environment. According to Dryden et al (pg 81) Having a secure attachment to their primary carers and to a key worker in a nursery setting appears to impact on a childs ability to cope with major life changes. This emphasises the importance of stable and sensitive care for very young children in an ear ly years setting. Goldschmeid was influenced by Bowlbys work and introduced the keyworker concept (The Early Years Foundation Stage 2007). This approach sees an adult being responsible for the care of a small group of children, getting to know their routines well and tuning into their needs. Ratios of staff to children could be a challenge of the system. It is not always possible for the same person to attend to the needs of younger children. Also rotas and turnover of staff may mean that other colleagues in addition to a childs keyworker will be required to know childrens routines and preferences. There are various models that can be used to track the growth and development of children in the early years. The medical and checklist models can result in a deficit view of the child, focusing on what the child cannot do. Learning should always start with what the child can do. The conventional method of studying child development has been to use the Normative Development model. Mary Sheridan carried out research in the 1950s. This work was used to develop a framework for child development. This uses the milestones approach and suggests that children should be able to achieve certain things at a certain age. Although there are recognized sequences of child development it is thought that as children develop at different rates it is more appropriate to look at a childs development holistically (Dryden et al 2007). The EYFS (2007) has divided learning and development into the following six areas: Personal, Social and Emotional Development, Communication, Language and Literacy, Problem Solving, Reasoning and Numeracy, Knowledge and understanding of the World, Physical Development and Creative Development (Department for Children, Schools and Families 2008) Observations and assessments should be completed in order that childrens development can be tracked and progression can be seen. It is important that there is a good record keeping system in place. Experiences offered during this project were not based on learning outcomes as this type of curriculum is not suitable for a child of this age. It is not appropriate to plan weeks in advance. By observing the child, together with information gained from parents I was able to go on to plan experiences based on his individual needs, see appendix 1, observation 3, I promoted play and supported and extended the childs learning where appropriate. I will take this into account when working in an early years setting, building childrens learning around their daily experiences and encouraging them to interact with others in the setting. Lev Vygotsky was a leading theorist of cognitive development whose thoughts are very current. He is seen as the founder of the social constructivist approach who be lieved that through social interactions with adults, children learn cultural tools and social skills. He felt that culture and community were essential elements of childrens cognitive development (Linden 2005). Children learn to think and put into practice their thoughts as a result of social interaction. Dryden et al (2005 pg82) notes the most important element of a high quality play and learning environment for babies and children up to three is the adult. I realize that I must provide an environment rich with child initiated learning to enable children to develop their language and cognitive skills and recognize that I will have to make reflection a part of my work routine. This will allow me to look at the opportunities of play that are provided and ensure children are being given the tools to make choices and decisions regarding their play and learning. Throughout my project I demonstrated to the child that I was interested in his learning by interacting with him and responding flexibly, tuning into his interests, enabling me to plan responsively for his learning. During observation 3, see appendix 1, the child was wrapping himself in curtains and on further discussions with his mother I learned that he liked to hide in the understairs cupboard and under tables and chairs. On reflection I thought this could be an envelopment/containment schema. Chris Athey (2003) identified schemas as a pattern of repeated actions. Children exhibit schemas when they are playing and trying to find out more about the world. Practitioners can use schema theory to interpret childrens actions and go on to support and extend childrens learning by providing appropriate resources. It may be difficult to explain schema theory to parents and I believe it may be helpful to use a video camera as a means of observation which may help the parents better understan d their childrens learning. Observation of childrens learning from both the home and setting can be shared and their learning taken forward from there. Working in partnership with parents is one of the features of the key principles in practice (Scottish Government 2010) Language acquisition is one of the key milestones in early childhood development. BF Skinner the theorist associated with Behaviourist Theory thought that children imitate the language of their parent or carers. The behaviourists believe that children learn through positive and negative reinforcement, using praise when a childs spoken word is recognized and ignoring unsuccessful attempts at speaking. This line of thought was challenged by Jerome Bruner a Social Interactional Theorist who believed that language development is both biological and social and that language is influenced by the desire of children to communicate with others. Bruner believed that through using a Language Acquisition Support System, various approaches can be used such as pointing out and naming objects and responding to childrens utterances all help children to acquire the language skills required for cognitive and social development. Bruner called this scaffolding the childs language acquisition (Birch 1997 ). I put this into practice during observation 2, appendix 1, talking to the child throughout, naming objects and responding to his gestures. The child seems to have good understanding of words but has a fairly limited vocabulary but this should increase rapidly around this age. After taking into consideration government initiatives and guidance, various theories of child development and my observations of a young child it has become apparent to me the importance of establishing a relationship between keyworkers, children and parents which is both respectful, responsive and nurturing. Research regarding the rapid development of babies brain development means practitioners must be aware of the impact of their practice on very young childrens social and cognitive developments. I realise the importance of continuing professional development in order to keep up to date with government legislation and any advances in child development which will help me make informed decisions regarding my practice. I believe it is important to put in place policies and procedures in early years settings that will facilitate the reflection on practice with practitioners, colleagues and parents.

Franklin, Rosalind (1920 - 1958) Essay -- Papers

Franklin, Rosalind (1920 - 1958) Franklin was a Londoner by birth. After graduating from Cambridge University, she joined the staff of the British Coal Utilisation Research Association in 1942, moving in 1947 to the Laboratoire Centrale des Services Chimique de L'Etat in Paris. She returned to England in 1950 and held research appointments at London University, initially at King's College from 1951 to 1953 and thereafter at Birkbeck College until her untimely death from cancer at the age of 37. Franklin played a major part in the discovery of the structure of DNA by James Watson and Francis Crick. With the unflattering and distorted picture presented by Watson in his The Double Helix (1968) her role in this has become somewhat controversial. At King's, she had been recruited to work on biological molecules and her director, John Randall, had specifically instructed her to work on the structure of DNA. When she later learned that Maurice Wilkins, a colleague at King's, also intended to work on DNA, she felt unable to cooperate with him. Nor did she feel much respect for the early attempts of Watson and Crick in Cambridge to establish the structure. The causes of friction were various ranging from simple personality clashes to, it has been said, male hostility to the invasion of their private club by a woman. Despite this unsatisfactory background Franklin did obtain results without which the structure established by Watson and Crick would have been at the least delayed. The most important of these was her x-ray photograph of hydrated DNA, the so-called B form, the most revealing such photograph then available. Watson fir... ...anklin's showing an image of the now famous Photo 51. Franklin, went on to study the tobacco mosaic virus, and continued her work in absolute dedication, despite having been diagnosed with cancer in 1956 (probably due to the chemicals she was using). She died two years later, 37 years old, never knowing how much her work had played a role in Watson and Crick's discovery. In 1963 they received the Nobel prize for their discovery, along with Wilkins, Franklin's collaborator. In 1968 Watson's popular book, The Double Helix, recounted the events leading to their ultimate discovery, making clear for the first time how critical Franklin's experimental work had been. Franklin's social isolation prompted by the contempt male scientists showed toward her as a woman-scientist, is one of the tragedies in the history of science.

Friedrich Froebel, Founder of Kindergarten Essay

Friedrich Froebel was a German educator of the nineteenth century who developed an Idealist philosophy of early childhood education. He established kindergarten and education for four and five-year-old children. Kindergarten is now a part of education worldwide. Friedrich Froebel was born in the small town of Oberwiessbach, Germany in 1782. His mother died when he was a baby. His father remarried, but Froebel never liked his stepmother. His feeling of rejection and isolation remained with him for life. This had a strong effect on his theory of early childhood education. He believed the kindergarten teacher should be loving, kind and motherly. Froebel also had an unsatisfactory relationship with his father which, along with his shyness, caused him to be â€Å"introspective and socially inept† (Gutek, 2005, p. 261). Therefore, he wanted his kindergarten to â€Å"foster a sense of emotional security and self-esteem in children† (Gutek, 2005, p. 261). At the age of ten, Froebel went to live with his uncle. As a young child, Froebel spent a lot of time playing in the garden around his home. This led to his love of nature and had a profound effect on his educational philosophy. When he was fifteen years old, Froebel apprenticed with a forester and surveyor and studied forestry, geometry and surveying in school. He briefly attended the University of Jena from 1800-1802. Then he studied architecture at Frankfurt University. Although he ended his studies without receiving a degree, Froebel gained a sense of artistic perspective and symmetry he later used to design his kindergarten â€Å"gifts† and â€Å"occupations. † While in Frankfurt Froebel was hired as a teacher at the Frankfurt Model School, which was a Pestalozzian school. He studied the Pestalozzi method of instruction which emphasized using objects to teach. His method rejected the use of corporal punishment and emphasized respecting the dignity of children. This method of teaching very much appealed to Froebel. Froebel wanted to incorporate Pestalozzi’s method and creation of a loving and secure environment for children in his own teaching methods. After teaching at the Model School for three years, Froebel studied with Pestalozzi for two more years Froebel also decided to study languages and science at the University of G? ttingen. He wanted to identify linguistic structures that could be used in language instruction. During this time he became very interested in geology and mineralogy, and also pursued this in his studies. Froebel believed that the process of crystallization (moving from the simple to the complex) emulated a â€Å"universal cosmic law that also governed human growth and development† (Net Industries, 2008, Biography section,  ¶ 3). He would later incorporate the geometric shapes and formations in crystals to create his kindergarten â€Å"gifts. † In 1816, Froebel started a school in Griesheim called the Universal German Educational Institute. He enrolled students who were 7 years old or older. The school eventually moved to Keilhau. The school remained opened until 1829 when it struggled and was forced to close. However, Froebel was able to test and develop some of his educational ideas in his school. In 1818 Froebel married Henrietta Hoffmeister. She shared Froebel’s love of children and assisted in his educational work until her death. Froebel established an educational institute at Wartenese in 1831. Later, he was invited to establish an orphanage at Burgdorf. Here he conducted a school for the town children and a boarding school for those who lived away. He trained teachers and established a nursery school for 3 and 4 year olds. He developed songs, rhymes, games, physical exercises and other activities for the nursery school. He experimented with the objects and other materials that eventually became his kindergarten gifts. He also stressed play and its role in education. In 1837, at the age of 55, Froebel relocated to Blankenburg and established a new type of school for early childhood education. He called it â€Å"kindergarten,† or â€Å"the children’s garden† (Smith, 1999,  ¶ 5). This word expressed Froebel’s vision for early childhood education: â€Å"Children are like tiny flowers; they are varied and need care, but each is beautiful alone and glorious when seen in the community of peers† (Smith, 1999,  ¶ 6). He used play, songs, stories, and activities to establish an educational environment in which children, by their own activity, could learn and develop. According to Froebel, this meant that children, in their development, would learn to follow the â€Å"divinely established laws of human growth through their own activity† (Net Industries, 2008, Biography section,  ¶ 5). This is where he used his kindergarten gifts and occupations. â€Å"Gifts were objects Froebel believed had special symbolic potential. Occupations were the raw materials children could use in drawing and building activities that allowed them to concretize their ideas† (Gutek, 2005, p. 265). Froebel became famous as an early childhood educator in Germany and by 1848, forty-four kindergartens were operating in Germany. Froebel began training young women as kindergarten teachers. Kindergarten achieved its greatest influence in the United States. It was brought to America by the Germans after the European Revolution of 1848. Kindergartens appeared wherever there was a large concentration of German immigrants. Henry Barnard, the first United States Commissioner of Education, introduced Froebel’s kindergarten into educational literature in the 1850’s by including it in the American Journal of Education, of which he was the editor. He also recommended to Congress that a public school system be established for the District of Columbia that would include kindergartens. In 1873, William Torrey Harris established a kindergarten at a school in St. Louis, Missouri and incorporated it into the public school system. This event led to more public schools incorporating kindergartens into their systems. Eventually, Harris became the U. S. Commissioner of Education and he continued to press for the incorporation of kindergartens into public school systems throughout the United States. Before Froebel started his kindergarten, children under the age of seven did not attend school as it was believed that these young children did not have the ability to develop the cognitive and emotional skills needed to learn in a school environment. However, Froebel believed in early childhood education: â€Å"because learning begins when consciousness erupts, education must also† (Pioneers, 2000,  ¶ 7). In his book, Education of Man, Froebel states the idealist themes of his philosophy: â€Å"(1) all existence originates in and with God; (2) humans possess an inherent spiritual essence that is the vitalizing life force that causes development; (3) all beings and ideas are interconnected parts of a grand, ordered, and systematic universe† (Net Industries, 2008, Froebel’s Kindergarten Philosophy section,  ¶ 1). This is what Froebel based his work on, claiming that each child had an â€Å"internal spiritual essence – a life force† (Net Industries, 2008, Froebel’s Kindergarten Philosophy section,  ¶ 1). This life force seeks to be manifested through self-activity. He also believed that â€Å"child development follows the doctrine of preformation, the unfolding of that which was present latently in the individual† (Net Industries, 2008, Froebel’s Kindergarten Philosophy section,  ¶ 1). Froebel’s kindergarten created a special educational environment in which this self-activity and development occurred. Froebel used his kindergarten gifts, occupations, social and cultural activities, and especially play to promote this self-activity. Froebel also believed that children were to learn that they were members of â€Å"a great universal, spiritual community† (Gutek, 2005, p. 266). Thus the use of games and social activities. According to Froebel, play was essential to educating the young child. He believed that through engaging with the world, understanding would develop. That is why play was so critical – it is a creative activity through which children become aware of their place in the world and the world around them. Education was to be based on each child’s interests and spontaneous activity. The kindergarten teacher’s job was to create an environment that would stimulate the child’s development. She was also to create a safe, secure environment that prevented anything from disturbing this process. It was essential to the kindergarten children’s progress that the teacher did not hinder the child’s free play and individuality. Each child would learn what he was ready to learn when he was ready to learn it. As Froebel states: â€Å"Education in instruction and training, originally and in its first principles, should necessarily be passive, following (only guarding and protecting), not prescriptive, categorical, interfering† (Sniegoski, 1994, p. 8). Froebel believed the kindergarten should have a pleasant physical environment. He recommended the use of an adjoining garden or a brightly painted room with plants, animals and pictures. This should also be a prepared environment which would provide the teacher with the proper tools which the teacher felt would be most beneficial to the learning environment. And instead of traditional books, the kindergarten should teach using geometrical play objects of different shapes, sizes and colors (â€Å"gifts†). He also believed in symbolism and that if a child played with the â€Å"gifts,† they would help the child to understand fundamental truths. Froebel’s gifts consisted of: six soft colored balls; a wooden sphere, cube, and cylinder; a large cube divided into eight smaller cubes; a large cube divided into eight oblong blocks; a large cube divided into twenty-one whole, six half, and twelve quarter cubes; a large cube divided into eighteen whole oblongs with three divided lengthwise and three divided breadthwise; quadrangular and triangular tablets used for arranging figures; sticks for outlining figures; wire rings for outlining figures; various materials for drawing, perforating, embroidering, paper cutting, weaving or braiding, paper folding, modeling, and interlacing. (Net Industries, 2008, The Kindergarten Curriculum section,  ¶ 1). Also, Froebel designed â€Å"occupations† to be used in the kindergarten. These allowed more freedom and were things that children could shape and manipulate. Examples of â€Å"occupations† are string, sand, clay, and beads. As always, there was an underlying meaning in all that was done in Froebel’s kindergarten. â€Å"Even clean up time was seen as a reminder to the child of God’s plan for moral and social order† (Nichols, n. d. , Occupations section,  ¶ 1). Froebel’s careful study of the nature of children and their part in the world continues to be of great importance, as it opened a door to a new world in childhood education. Froebel attached importance to what â€Å"originated in children, not merely what adults gave them to do or learn† (Sniegoski, 1994, p. 15). He also discovered the educational value of play and the use of new non-book, hands-on materials in teaching children. Froebel provided a â€Å"theoretical basis for early childhood education that recognized stages of intellectual growth† (Sniegoski, 1994, p. 15). The one aspect of Froebel’s theories that has disappeared for the most part is the mysterious symbolism that overcastted his educational philosophy. However, his ideals of freeing children to develop according to their own interests and needs and giving them a bright, playful, nurturing environment in which to learn remains an important and vital part of early childhood education today. References Gutek, Gerald Lee. (2005). Friedrich Froebel: Founder of the kindergarten. In Historical and philosophical foundations of education: a biographical introduction (4th ed. ) (pp. 256-273). Upper Sadle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc. Lucas, Bill. (2005, October 24). Studying the creation of kindergarten. In Boxes and Arrows: The Design Behind the Design, July, 2008. Retrieved July 12, 2008, from http://www. boxesandarrows. com/view/studying_the_creation_of_kindergarten. Net Industries. (2008). Friedrich Froebel (1782-1852): Biography, Froebel’s kindergarten philosophy, the kindergarten curriculum, diffusion of the kindergarten. In Education Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 10, 2008, from http://education. stateuniversity. com/pages/1999/ Froebel-Friedrich-1782-1852. html. Nichols, Rachel. (n. d. ). Friedrich Froebel: Founder of the first kindergarten. Retrieved July 11, 2008 from http://hubpages. com/hub/ Friedrich-Froebel-Founder-of-the-First-Kindergarten. Pioneers in our field: Friedrich Froebel: Founder of the first kindergarten [Electronic version]. (2000). Scholastic: Early Childhood Today, August, 2000. Retrieved July 11, 2008 from http://www2. scholastic. com/browse/article. jsp? id=3442. Smith, Mark K. (1997). Friedrich Froebel. Retrieved July 12, 2008 from http://www. infed. org/thinkers/et-froeb. htm. Sniegoski, Stephen. (1994). Froebel and early childhood education in America. Retrieved July 12, 2008 from the Educational Resources Information Center Web site: http://www. eric. ed. gov/ERICDOCS/data/ericdocs2sql/content_storage_01/ 00000196/80/14/19/02. pdf.

Perimeter Area and Volume of Common Shapes and Solids

Circle: Parallelogram: Surface Area and Perimeter Rectangle: Surface Area and Perimeter Trapezoid: Surface Area and Perimeter Triangle:Surface Area and Perimeter Cone: Surface Area and Volume Cylinder:Surface Area and Volume Sector of a Circle:Area Isosceles Triangular Prism Surface Area and Volume Rectangular Prism Surface Area and Volume Sphere Surface Area and Volume Square Based Pyramid Surface Area and Volume

Perimeter Area and Volume of Common Shapes and Solids

Circle: Parallelogram: Surface Area and Perimeter Rectangle: Surface Area and Perimeter Trapezoid: Surface Area and Perimeter Triangle:Surface Area and Perimeter Cone: Surface Area and Volume Cylinder:Surface Area and Volume Sector of a Circle:Area Isosceles Triangular Prism Surface Area and Volume Rectangular Prism Surface Area and Volume Sphere Surface Area and Volume Square Based Pyramid Surface Area and Volume